This study aims to improve our understanding of nitrogenous emissions from soils (NOx is required) in California’s San Joaquin Valley (SJV), a region facing significant air quality and public health challenges. A Subject Matter Expert Review Panel (SMERP) on nitrogenous emissions from soils convened in 2024 and identified data and knowledge gaps that limit the development of more accurate soil-based nitrogen emission estimates. This project will collect long-term continuous data from agricultural fields under various nutrient management scenarios. The project results will inform emission inventories and biogeochemical models to better assess the role of soils in addressing air pollution challenges in the SJV.